Diphtheria


Diphtheria is an acute bacterial communicable infection that affects the mucous membranes of the nose, tonsils, pharynx, and larynx, and it can cause respiratory obstruction.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Fever, cough, sore throat, laryngitis, headache, pain, and loss of appetite.

TRANSMISSION

By airborne droplets, direct contact, indirect contact (through fomites), and by ingestion of contaminated raw milk.

CAUSATIVE AGENT

Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

INCUBATION PERIOD

        2 to 5 days.

PREVENTION AND CONTROL

1. Immunization with the pentavalent vaccine.

2. Treatment of an infected person.

3. Isolation.

4. Surveillance

5. Environmental and personal hygiene.

6. Health education.

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